Not repeatable in maria-5.3. Backtrace:

#5 0x0832bf2d in generate_derived_keys (keyuse_array=0xae62aed0) at sql_select.cc:8337
#6 0x0832329d in sort_and_filter_keyuse (thd=0x986d730, keyuse=0xae62aed0, skip_unprefixed_keyparts=true) at sql_select.cc:4675
#7 0x0831f43a in make_join_statistics (join=0xae625d98, tables_list=..., conds=0xae630988, keyuse_array=0xae62aed0) at sql_select.cc:3155
#8 0x0831870b in JOIN::optimize (this=0xae625d98) at sql_select.cc:1099
#9 0x0831e4bf in mysql_select (thd=0x986d730, rref_pointer_array=0x986f248, tables=0xae613d80, wild_num=1, fields=..., conds=0x0, og_num=0, order=0x0,
group=0x0, having=0x0, proc_param=0x0, select_options=2147764736, result=0xae6147e8, unit=0x986ee4c, select_lex=0x986f128) at sql_select.cc:2870
#10 0x0831641f in handle_select (thd=0x986d730, lex=0x986edf0, result=0xae6147e8, setup_tables_done_option=0) at sql_select.cc:283
#11 0x082b1b61 in execute_sqlcom_select (thd=0x986d730, all_tables=0xae613d80) at sql_parse.cc:5089
#12 0x082a88f3 in mysql_execute_command (thd=0x986d730) at sql_parse.cc:2227
#13 0x082b419d in mysql_parse (thd=0x986d730,
rawbuf=0xae612eb0 "SELECT * FROM\n(\nSELECT DISTINCT *\nFROM t1 )\nAS alias1 JOIN t1 AS alias2 ON alias2.f2 = alias1.f3", length=96,
found_semicolon=0xae7ff228) at sql_parse.cc:6090
#14 0x082a657b in dispatch_command (command=COM_QUERY, thd=0x986d730,
packet=0x98c8231 "SELECT * FROM\n(\nSELECT DISTINCT *\nFROM t1 )\nAS alias1 JOIN t1 AS alias2 ON alias2.f2 = alias1.f3 ", packet_length=98)
at sql_parse.cc:1206
#15 0x082a5a01 in do_command (thd=0x986d730) at sql_parse.cc:904
#16 0x082a2a7c in handle_one_connection (arg=0x986d730) at sql_connect.cc:1177
#17 0x00821919 in start_thread () from /lib/libpthread.so.0
#18 0x0076acce in clone () from /lib/libc.so.6

test case:

CREATE TABLE t1 ( f2 varchar(32), f3 varchar(32) , KEY (f2 ) ) ;
INSERT INTO t1 VALUES ('k','k');

SELECT *
FROM ( SELECT DISTINCT * FROM t1 ) AS alias1
JOIN t1 AS alias2 ON alias2.f2 = alias1.f3 ;

bzr version-info
revision-id: <email address hidden>
date: 2011-06-05 21:54:25 -0700
build-date: 2011-06-06 12:49:49 +0300
revno: 3027
branch-nick: maria-5.3-mwl106